Pambuyo poti kuchuluka kwa magalimoto otumizidwa kunja kwa dziko lapansi kwakwera kufika pa malo achiwiri padziko lonse lapansi koyamba mu Ogasiti, ntchito ya China yotumiza magalimoto kunja inafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri mu Seputembala. Pakati pawo, kaya ndi kupanga, kugulitsa kapena kutumiza kunja, magalimoto atsopano amphamvu akupitilizabe kukula kwa "ulendo umodzi kupita kufumbi".

Akatswiri a zamakampani anati kutumiza kunja magalimoto atsopano amphamvu kwakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri pamakampani opanga magalimoto mdziko langa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu m'dziko muno m'misika yakunja kwawonjezeka mofulumira, ndipo chitukuko chabwinochi chikuyembekezeka kupitilira.

Kutumiza kunja kwa dziko m'magawo atatu oyamba kwawonjezeka ndi 55.5% chaka ndi chaka

Malinga ndi deta ya malonda yomwe imatulutsidwa mwezi uliwonse ndi bungwe la China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (lomwe pano limatchedwa China Association of Automobile Manufacturers) pa Okutobala 11, kutumiza magalimoto ku China kunapitilizabe kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino mu Seputembala pambuyo poti yafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri mu Ogasiti, kupitirira magalimoto 300,000 koyamba. Kuwonjezeka kwa magalimoto ndi 73.9% kufika pa magalimoto 301,000.

Misika yakunja ikukhala njira yatsopano yogulitsira makampani opanga magalimoto a kampani yawo. Poganizira momwe makampani akuluakulu amagwirira ntchito, kuyambira Januwale mpaka Ogasiti, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amatumizidwa kunja kwa SAIC Motor kwakwera kufika pa 17.8%, Changan Motor yakwera kufika pa 8.8%, Great Wall Motor yakwera kufika pa 13.1%, ndipo Geely Automobile yakwera kufika pa 14%.

Cholimbikitsa n’chakuti, makampani odziyimira pawokha apeza chitukuko chachikulu pakutumiza kunja kumisika ya ku Ulaya ndi ku America komanso m'misika ya mayiko osatukuka, ndipo njira yotumizira kunja makampani apadziko lonse ku China yakhala yogwira mtima kwambiri, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti magalimoto opangidwa m'dziko muno ndi abwino kwambiri.

Malinga ndi Xu Haidong, wachiwiri kwa mainjiniya wamkulu wa bungwe la opanga magalimoto ku China, ngakhale kuti chiwerengero cha magalimoto otumizidwa kunja chakwera, mtengo wa njinga nawonso wapitirira kukwera. Mtengo wapakati wa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi aku China pamsika wakunja wafika pafupifupi madola 30,000 aku US.

Malinga ndi deta ya Passenger Car Market Information Association (yomwe tsopano ikutchedwa Passenger Car Association), kupita patsogolo kwachangu pamsika wogulitsa magalimoto onyamula anthu ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Mu Seputembala, kutumiza magalimoto onyamula anthu (kuphatikizapo magalimoto athunthu ndi ma CKD) motsatira ziwerengero za Passenger Federation kunali mayunitsi 250,000, kuwonjezeka kwa 85% pachaka, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa 77.5% mu Ogasiti. Pakati pawo, kutumiza kunja kwa mitundu yodziyimira payokha kunafika mayunitsi 204,000, kuwonjezeka kwa 88% pachaka. Kuyambira Januwale mpaka Seputembala, magalimoto okwana 1.59 miliyoni onyamula anthu adatumizidwa kunja, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 60%.

Nthawi yomweyo, kutumiza kunja kwa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu kwakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakutumiza kunja magalimoto am'dziko.

Deta yochokera ku China Automobile Association inasonyeza kuti kuyambira Januwale mpaka Seputembala, makampani a magalimoto aku China adatumiza kunja magalimoto okwana 2.117 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 55.5%. Pakati pawo, magalimoto atsopano 389,000 amphamvu adatumizidwa kunja, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa nthawi yoposa 1, ndipo kukula kwa msika kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kukula kwa msika wonse wa magalimoto.

Deta yochokera ku Passenger Federation ikuwonetsanso kuti mu Seputembala, magalimoto atsopano onyamula anthu m'dziko muno adatumiza magalimoto okwana 44,000, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale pafupifupi 17.6% ya magalimoto onse otumizidwa kunja (kuphatikizapo magalimoto athunthu ndi CKD). SAIC, Geely, Great Wall Motor, AIWAYS, JAC, ndi zina zotero. Mitundu yatsopano yamagetsi yamakampani a magalimoto yachita bwino m'misika yakunja.

Malinga ndi akatswiri amakampani, kutumiza magalimoto atsopano amagetsi mdziko langa kwapanga chitsanzo cha "mphamvu imodzi ndi zambiri zamphamvu": Kutumiza kwa Tesla ku China ndiko komwe kuli pamwamba, ndipo mitundu ingapo yamakampani ake ili bwino kunja, pomwe ogulitsa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi atatu apamwamba ali m'gulu la atatu apamwamba. Misika ndi Belgium, UK ndi Thailand.

Zinthu zingapo zikuyendetsa kukula kwa makampani ogulitsa magalimoto kunja

Makampaniwa akukhulupirira kuti kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kutumiza magalimoto kunja kwa dziko m'magawo atatu oyambirira a chaka chino kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo.

Pakadali pano, kufunika kwa msika wa magalimoto padziko lonse kwakwera, koma chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ma chips ndi zida zina, opanga magalimoto akunja achepetsa kupanga, zomwe zapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kupezeka kwa magalimoto.

Meng Yue, wachiwiri kwa director wa Dipatimenti Yoona za Malonda akunja ku Unduna wa Zamalonda, adanena kale kuti poganizira za kufunika kwa msika wapadziko lonse, msika wamagalimoto padziko lonse lapansi ukubwerera pang'onopang'ono. Zikuyembekezeredwa kuti kugulitsa magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi kudzapitirira pang'ono 80 miliyoni chaka chino ndi 86.6 miliyoni chaka chamawa.

Motsogozedwa ndi mliri watsopano wa chibayo cha korona, misika yakunja yapanga kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kupezeka chifukwa cha kusowa kwa unyolo woperekera katundu, pomwe dongosolo lokhazikika la kupanga ku China chifukwa chopewa ndi kulamulira bwino mliriwu lalimbikitsa kusamutsa maoda akunja kupita ku China. Malinga ndi deta yochokera ku AFS (AutoForecast Solutions), kumapeto kwa Meyi chaka chino, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ma chip, msika wamagalimoto padziko lonse wachepetsa kupanga ndi pafupifupi 1.98 miliyoni, ndipo ku Europe ndi dera lomwe lili ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kupanga magalimoto chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ma chip. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chikuchititsa kuti magalimoto aku China agulitsidwe bwino ku Europe.

Kuyambira mu 2013, pamene mayiko asankha kusintha kupita ku chitukuko chobiriwira, makampani atsopano a magalimoto amphamvu ayamba kukula mofulumira.

Pakadali pano, mayiko ndi madera pafupifupi 130 padziko lonse lapansi apereka kapena akukonzekera kupereka zolinga zoletsa kusagwirizana ndi mpweya woipa. Mayiko ambiri afotokoza bwino nthawi yoletsa kugulitsa magalimoto amafuta. Mwachitsanzo, Netherlands ndi Norway apereka lingaliro loletsa kugulitsa magalimoto amafuta mu 2025. India ndi Germany akukonzekera kuletsa kugulitsa magalimoto amafuta mu 2030. France ndi United Kingdom akukonzekera kuletsa kugulitsa magalimoto amafuta mu 2040. Gulitsani magalimoto amafuta.

Pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwa malamulo okhwima okhudza kutulutsa mpweya woipa m'maiko osiyanasiyana, chithandizo cha mfundo za magalimoto atsopano amphamvu m'maiko osiyanasiyana chapitirira kukulirakulira, ndipo kufunikira kwa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu padziko lonse lapansi kwapitiriza kukula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magalimoto atsopano amphamvu m'dziko langa alowe m'misika yakunja. Deta ikuwonetsa kuti mu 2021, kutumiza magalimoto atsopano amphamvu m'dziko langa kudzafika pa mayunitsi 310,000, kuwonjezeka kwa pafupifupi katatu pachaka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti 15.4% ya magalimoto onse omwe amatumizidwa kunja. Mu theka loyamba la chaka chino, kutumiza magalimoto atsopano amphamvu kunapitilira kukhala kolimba, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kutumiza kunja kunawonjezeka ndi nthawi 1.3 pachaka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti 16.6% ya magalimoto onse omwe amatumizidwa kunja. Kukula kopitilira kwa kutumiza magalimoto atsopano amphamvu m'gawo lachitatu la chaka chino ndi kupitiriza kwa izi.

Kukula kwakukulu kwa magalimoto ochokera kunja kwa dziko langa kwapindulanso ndi kukula kwa "gulu la mabwenzi" akunja.

Mayiko omwe ali m'mphepete mwa "Belt and Road" ndi omwe amagulitsa magalimoto ochokera kudziko langa, omwe amaposa 40%; kuyambira Januwale mpaka Julayi chaka chino, magalimoto ochokera kudziko langa omwe amatumizidwa kumayiko omwe ali mamembala a RCEP anali 395,000, zomwe zikutanthauza kuwonjezeka kwa 48.9% pachaka.

Pakadali pano, dziko langa lasayina mapangano 19 amalonda aulere, okhudza mayiko ndi madera 26. Chile, Peru, Australia, New Zealand ndi mayiko ena achepetsa mitengo ya zinthu zamagalimoto za dziko langa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makampani opanga magalimoto azikula padziko lonse lapansi.

Mu ndondomeko yosintha ndi kukweza makampani opanga magalimoto ku China, kuwonjezera pa kuyang'ana kwambiri pamsika wapakhomo, imayang'ananso pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi. Pakadali pano, ndalama zomwe opanga magalimoto am'nyumba amagwiritsa ntchito pamsika wa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi zimaposa kwambiri zomwe makampani opanga magalimoto apadziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, makampani opanga magalimoto am'nyumba amadalira magalimoto atsopano amagetsi kuti apange ukadaulo wanzeru wolumikizirana, womwe uli ndi ubwino mu luntha ndi kulumikizana, ndipo wakhala chandamale chokopa kwa ogula akunja.

Malinga ndi akatswiri amakampani, chifukwa cha luso lawo pakupanga magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, mpikisano wapadziko lonse wa makampani opanga magalimoto aku China wapitirirabe kukula, mitundu ya malonda yapitirirabe kukula, ndipo mphamvu ya makampani yawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Mwachitsanzo, SAIC yakhazikitsa malo opitilira 1,800 otsatsa malonda ndi mautumiki akunja. Zogulitsa ndi mautumiki ake zimagawidwa m'maiko ndi madera opitilira 90, ndikupanga misika ikuluikulu 6 ku Europe, Australia, New Zealand, ndi America. Magalimoto onse akunja apitilira 3 miliyoni. Pakati pawo, malonda akunja a SAIC Motor mu Ogasiti adafika 101,000, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 65.7%, zomwe zimapangitsa pafupifupi 20% ya malonda onse, kukhala kampani yoyamba ku China kupitilira mayunitsi 100,000 pamwezi umodzi m'misika yakunja. Mu Seputembala, magalimoto otumizidwa kunja a SAIC adakwera kufika pa 108,400.

Katswiri wofufuza za Securities, Duan Yingsheng, adafufuza kuti makampani odziyimira pawokha athandiza kwambiri chitukuko cha misika ku Southeast Asia, Europe, ndi America kudzera mu kumanga mafakitale akunja (kuphatikizapo mafakitale a KD), njira zogulitsira zakunja, komanso kumanga njira zodziyimira pawokha zamayiko akunja. Nthawi yomweyo, kuzindikira msika wa makampani odziyimira pawokha kukukulirakulira pang'onopang'ono. M'misika ina yakunja, kutchuka kwa makampani odziyimira pawokha kukufanana ndi kwa makampani opanga magalimoto apadziko lonse lapansi.

Makampani opanga magalimoto akuyembekezeka kuyamba kugwira ntchito kunja kwa dzikolo

Ngakhale kuti makampani opanga magalimoto ochokera kunja akupeza bwino kwambiri, makampani opanga magalimoto am'dziko muno akugwiritsabe ntchito misika yakunja kuti akonzekere tsogolo.

Pa Seputembala 13, magalimoto atsopano a SAIC Motor okwana 10,000 MG MULAN adatumizidwa kuchokera ku Shanghai kupita ku msika waku Europe. Uwu ndiye gulu lalikulu kwambiri la magalimoto amagetsi ochokera ku China kupita ku Europe mpaka pano. Munthu wofunikira pa Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso adati kutumiza "magalimoto 10,000 ku Europe" kwa SAIC kukuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwatsopano pakukula kwa makampani opanga magalimoto mdziko langa, kutumiza magalimoto atsopano amagetsi ku China kwalowa mu gawo la chitukuko chofulumira, ndipo izi zikulimbikitsanso makampani opanga magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi kuti asinthe kukhala magetsi.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ntchito zokulitsa magalimoto akunja kwa Great Wall Motor zakhala zikuchitika kawirikawiri, ndipo chiwerengero chonse cha magalimoto athunthu ochokera kunja chapitirira 1 miliyoni. Mu Januwale chaka chino, Great Wall Motor idagula fakitale ya ku India ya General Motors, pamodzi ndi fakitale ya Mercedes-Benz Brazil yomwe idagulidwa chaka chatha, komanso mafakitale odziwika bwino aku Russia ndi Thailand, Great Wall Motor yakhazikitsa njira yogulitsira misika ya ku Europe ndi South America. Mu Ogasiti chaka chino, Great Wall Motor ndi Emile Frye Group adagwirizana mwalamulo, ndipo magulu awiriwa adzayendera limodzi msika waku Europe.

Chery, yomwe idatumiza kunja misika yakunja kale, idawona kutumiza kunja mu Ogasiti kukukwera ndi 152.7% pachaka kufika pa magalimoto 51,774. Chery yakhazikitsa malo 6 ofufuza ndi chitukuko, malo 10 opangira zinthu ndi malo ogulitsa ndi opereka chithandizo oposa 1,500 kunja, ndipo zinthu zake zimatumizidwa ku Brazil, Russia, Ukraine, Saudi Arabia, Chile ndi mayiko ena. Mu Ogasiti chaka chino, Chery idayamba kukambirana ndi opanga magalimoto aku Russia kuti akwaniritse kupanga kwawo ku Russia.

Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Julayi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti chaka chino, BYD yalengeza kuti ilowa mumsika wamagalimoto okwera anthu ku Japan ndi Thailand, ndipo yayamba kupereka zinthu zatsopano zamagalimoto amphamvu kumisika ya ku Sweden ndi Germany. Pa Seputembala 8, BYD yalengeza kuti imanga fakitale yamagalimoto amagetsi ku Thailand, yomwe ikukonzekera kuyamba kugwira ntchito mu 2024, yokhala ndi mphamvu zopanga magalimoto pafupifupi 150,000 pachaka.

Changan Automobile ikukonzekera kumanga maziko opangira zinthu ziwiri kapena zinayi zakunja mu 2025. Changan Automobile yati idzakhazikitsa likulu la ku Ulaya ndi likulu la ku North America posachedwa, ndikulowa m'misika yamagalimoto aku Europe ndi North America ndi zinthu zamagalimoto apamwamba komanso apamwamba.

Magulu ena atsopano opanga magalimoto akuyang'ananso misika yakunja ndipo akufunitsitsa kuyesa.

Malinga ndi malipoti, pa Seputembala 8, Leap Motor idalengeza kulowa kwawo m'misika yakunja. Idagwirizana ndi kampani yopanga magalimoto ku Israeli kuti itumize gulu loyamba la magalimoto a T03 ku Israeli; Weilai adati pa Okutobala 8 kuti zinthu zake, ntchito zamakina onse ndi njira yatsopano yochitira bizinesi zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Germany, Netherlands, Sweden ndi Denmark; Xpeng Motors yasankhanso Europe ngati dera lomwe limakondedwa chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa dziko lonse lapansi. Izi zithandiza Xiaopeng Motors kulowa mwachangu pamsika waku Europe. Kuphatikiza apo, AIWAYS, LANTU, WM Motor, ndi zina zotero zalowanso pamsika waku Europe.

Bungwe la Magalimoto la China likulosera kuti kutumiza magalimoto kunja kwa dziko langa kukuyembekezeka kupitirira 2.4 miliyoni chaka chino. Lipoti laposachedwa la kafukufuku wa Pacific Securities linati kuyesetsa kutumiza kunja kungathandize makampani apamwamba kwambiri a magalimoto ndi zida kuti afulumizitse kufalikira kwa unyolo wa mafakitale, ndikulimbikitsanso mphamvu zawo zachilengedwe pankhani ya kusintha kwa ukadaulo ndi kukonza makina abwino.

Komabe, akatswiri amakampani amakhulupirira kuti makampani odziyimira pawokha akadali ndi mavuto ena "popita kunja". Pakadali pano, makampani ambiri odziyimira pawokha omwe akulowa pamsika wotukuka akadali mu gawo loyesedwa, ndipo kufalikira kwa magalimoto aku China padziko lonse lapansi kukufunikabe nthawi kuti kutsimikizire.