M'masiku ochepa chabe, anthu aku South Africa akhoza kukhala m'dziko lonselo ngati chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka coronavirus chikapitirira kukwera.

Nkhawa ndi yakuti pakhoza kukhala matenda ambiri m'madera omwe sanapezeke chifukwa cha momwe kuyezetsa kachilomboka kumachitikira. South Africa ikhoza kukhala ikulowa nawo mayiko monga Italy ndi France ngati njira zomwe Purezidenti Cyril Ramaphosa adapereka sizichepetsa kukwera kwa matendawa. Lachisanu Nduna ya Zaumoyo Zweli Mkhize adalengeza kuti anthu 202 aku South Africa atenga kachilomboka, kuwonjezeka kwa 52 kuchokera tsiku lapitalo.

"Izi zikuwirikiza kawiri chiwerengero cha tsiku lapitalo ndipo izi zikusonyeza kuti mliri ukukulirakulira," anatero Pulofesa Alex van den Heever, wapampando wa maphunziro okhudza kayendetsedwe ka chitetezo cha anthu ku Wits School of Governance. "Vuto lakhala kukondera pa mayeso, chifukwa akhala akukana anthu ngati sanakwaniritse zofunikira. Ndikukhulupirira kuti ndi cholakwika chachikulu pakuweruza ndipo kwenikweni tikunyalanyaza matenda omwe angachitike m'madera."

Van den Heever anati China inayamba kutseka kwawo kwakukulu pamene inawona kuwonjezeka kwachangu kwa milandu yatsopano pakati pa 400 ndi 500 patsiku.

"Ndipo tikhoza kukhala, kutengera chiwerengero chathu, masiku anayi kuti tifike pamenepo," adatero Van den Heever.

"Koma ngati tikanakhala kuti tikuwona matenda opatsirana m'madera osiyanasiyana kuyambira 100 mpaka 200 patsiku, mwina tikanayenera kuwonjezera njira zopewera."

Bruce Mellado, pulofesa wa sayansi ya zamoyo ku Wits University komanso wasayansi wamkulu ku iThemba LABS, ndi gulu lake akhala akufufuza deta yayikulu kuti amvetsetse momwe dziko lonse lapansi komanso la ku South Africa likufalikira kwa kachilombo ka corona.

"Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti vutoli ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Kufalikira kwa kachilomboka kudzapitirira bola ngati anthu sakumvera malangizo a boma. Vuto apa ndilakuti ngati anthu sakulemekeza malangizo omwe aperekedwa ndi boma, kachilomboka kadzafalikira ndikukula kwambiri," adatero Mellado.

"Palibe kukayikira za izi. Ziwerengero zake n'zomveka bwino. Ndipo ngakhale m'maiko omwe ali ndi miyeso ina, kufalikira kwa matendawa kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri."

Izi zikuchitika pamene anthu asanu omwe adapita kutchalitchi ku Free State adapezeka ndi kachilomboka. Anthu asanuwa anali alendo, koma Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ikukonzekera kuyesa anthu pafupifupi 600. Pakadali pano, Van den Heever adati njira zomwe zayambitsidwa zinali zabwino poletsa kufalikira kwa kachilomboka, kuphatikizapo kutsekedwa kwa masukulu ndi mayunivesite. Ana asukulu akhala akuonedwa kale ngati omwe amachititsa matenda a chimfine.

Koma ngakhale Mkhize adati pali mwayi woti pakati pa 60% ndi 70% ya anthu aku South Africa angatenge kachilombo ka coronavirus, Van den Heever adati izi zitha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati palibe njira zothanirana ndi mliriwu.

Mneneri wa Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo, Popo Maja, anati ngati dziko lonse litatsekedwa, Mkhize kapena purezidenti adzalengeza izi.

"Tikutsogoleredwa ndi tanthauzo la mlanduwu monga momwe zilili mu Malamulo a Zaumoyo Padziko Lonse pa gawo lililonse la World Health Organisation," adatero Maja.

Koma ngati chiwerengero cha matenda opatsirana m'madera chikakwera, zikanatanthauza kuzindikira yemwe amayambitsa kachilomboka. Izi zitha kukhala ma taxi, ndipo mwina zingatanthauze kutseka ma taxi, ngakhale kukhazikitsa zitseko zotsekera kuti akwaniritse chiletsocho, anatero Van den Heever.

Ngakhale kuti mantha akuti chiwerengero cha matenda chipitirira kukwera, akatswiri azachuma akuchenjeza kuti chuma chikuyamba kusokonekera, makamaka panthawi ya lockdown.

"Zotsatira za njira zothetsera kachilombo ka corona zidzakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri ku South Africa," adatero Dr Sean Muller, mphunzitsi wamkulu ku sukulu ya zachuma ku University of Johannesburg.

"Zoletsa kuyenda zidzakhudza kwambiri makampani oyendera alendo komanso malo ochereza alendo, pomwe njira zopewera mtunda pakati pa anthu zidzakhudza kwambiri makampani opereka chithandizo."

"Zotsatirapo zoipa zimenezo, zidzakhudzanso mbali zina zachuma (kuphatikizapo gawo losavomerezeka) kudzera mu kuchepa kwa malipiro ndi ndalama. Zochitika padziko lonse lapansi zakhudza kale makampani omwe alembedwa ndipo zitha kukhudzanso gawo lazachuma."

"Komabe, izi ndi zinthu zomwe sizinachitikepo kale, kotero momwe ziletso zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso zapadziko lonse lapansi zidzakhudzira mabizinesi ndi antchito sizikudziwika bwino." "Popeza sitikudziwa bwino momwe thanzi la anthu lidzasinthire, palibe njira yopezera ziwerengero zodalirika za momwe izi zidzakhudzire."

Kutsekedwa kwa nyumba kungasonyeze tsoka, anatero Muller. "Kutsekedwa kwa nyumba kungawonjezere kwambiri zotsatirapo zoipa. Ngati zingakhudze kupanga ndi kupereka zinthu zofunika, zomwe zingayambitsenso kusakhazikika kwa anthu."

"Boma liyenera kusamala kwambiri poyesa njira zomwe zatengedwa kuti lisafalikire matenda ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa zachuma komanso zachikhalidwe za njirazi." Dr. Kenneth Creamer, katswiri wazachuma wochokera ku Wits University, adavomereza.

"Coronavirus ikuwopseza kwambiri chuma cha ku South Africa chomwe chili kale ndi vuto lochepa la kukula komanso kuchuluka kwa umphawi ndi kusowa ntchito."

"Tiyenera kulinganiza bwino kufunika kwachipatala koyesa kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa kachilombo ka corona, ndi kufunika kwachuma koyesa kusunga mabizinesi athu akuyenda bwino ndikusunga kuchuluka kokwanira kwa malonda, malonda ndi malipiro, zomwe ndi maziko a ntchito zachuma."

Katswiri wazachuma Lumkile Mondi ankakhulupirira kuti anthu ambiri aku South Africa angataye ntchito. "Chuma cha South Africa chikusintha, kusintha kwa digito ndi kulumikizana kwa anthu kudzachepa pambuyo pa vutoli. Ndi mwayi kwa ogulitsa, kuphatikizapo malo ogulitsira mafuta, kuti adzipereke okha, zomwe zikuwononga ntchito zambirimbiri," adatero Mondi, mphunzitsi wamkulu kusukulu ya zachuma ndi sayansi ya bizinesi ku Wits.

"Zidzatsegulanso njira yopezera zosangalatsa zatsopano pa intaneti kapena pa TV kuchokera pa sofa kapena pabedi. Kusowa ntchito ku South Africa kudzakhala m'zaka za m'ma 30 pambuyo pa vutoli ndipo chuma chidzakhala chosiyana. Kutsekedwa ndi mkhalidwe wadzidzidzi ndizofunikira kuti anthu asamataye moyo wawo. Komabe, mavuto azachuma adzakulitsa kutsika kwachuma ndipo kusowa ntchito ndi umphawi zidzakula kwambiri."

"Boma liyenera kutenga gawo lalikulu kwambiri pazachuma ndikubwereka kwa Roosevelt panthawi ya Kusakhazikika Kwachuma monga wolemba anthu ntchito womaliza kuti athandizire ndalama ndi zakudya."

Pakadali pano, Dr Nic Spaull, wofufuza wamkulu mu dipatimenti ya zachuma ku Stellenbosch University, adati ngakhale kuti kudandaula kwa ophunzira ndi ophunzira kuti abwereze chaka chino ngati mliriwu utafalikira kwambiri ku South Africa kuli kutali, masukulu mwina sangatsegulidwe pambuyo pa Isitala monga momwe amayembekezera.

"Sindikuganiza kuti n'zotheka kuti ana onse abwereze chaka chimodzi. Zimenezi zingakhale zofanana ndi kunena kuti ana onse adzakhala ndi chaka chimodzi pa giredi iliyonse ndipo sipadzakhala malo oti ophunzira abwere. "Ndikuganiza kuti funso lalikulu pakadali pano ndilakuti masukulu adzatsekedwa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji. Nduna inanena mpaka Isitala itatha koma sindikuwona masukulu akutsegulidwanso asanafike kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena Meyi."

"Izi zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kupanga mapulani a momwe ana angapezere chakudya, popeza ana 9 miliyoni amadalira chakudya chaulere kusukulu. Momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito nthawi imeneyo kuphunzitsa aphunzitsi patali komanso momwe tingatsimikizire kuti ana akhoza kuphunzirabe ngakhale ali kunyumba."

Masukulu achinsinsi ndi masukulu olipiritsa ndalama mwina sadzakhudzidwa kwambiri monga masukulu osalipiritsa ndalama. "Izi zili choncho chifukwa pali intaneti yabwino m'nyumba za ophunzirawo ndipo masukulu amenewo akuyembekezekanso kupanga mapulani ophunzirira patali kudzera pa Zoom/Skype/Google Hangouts ndi zina zotero," adatero Spaull.