M'zaka 10 zapitazi, kusintha kwa ukadaulo waukadaulo wopanga zomangira m'dziko langa pogwirizana ndi zida zakunja kwakhala kosawoneka. Zomangira m'dziko langa zili ndi udindo wofunikira kwambiri mumakampani opanga zomangira padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, pakadali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu yazinthu zamkati mwamakampani, magiredi abwino, miyezo yaukadaulo, ndi zoyesayesa zazinthu ndi zachilengedwe poyerekeza ndi milingo yapamwamba yakunja. , makamaka chifukwa chakuti pakadali zovuta ziwiri za "zochulukirapo" ndi "kusowa" pakupanga zomangira ku China. Zinthu zosaoneka ndi makiyi kumbuyo.

Ngakhale makampani opanga zomangira m'nyumba ali olimba, chifukwa chake zida zakunja zimaperekedwa kwa makampani aku China, kuchuluka kwa zida ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzakhala kosiyana kwambiri. Kodi kusiyana kuli kuti? Ichi ndi chomwe timatcha "kusiyana kwa nthawi yaukadaulo", kutanthauza kusiyana kwaukadaulo ndi mayiko akunja pankhani yaukadaulo, kagwiritsidwe ntchito, kasamalidwe ka zopanga, ndi zina zotero kupatula zida za hardware. Malinga ndi kuwunika kwapakati pamakampani opanga zomangira m'nyumba, makamaka pazinthu zapadera komanso kufananiza njira zovuta, pali "kusiyana kwa nthawi yaukadaulo" kwa zaka pafupifupi 10 mpaka 20 pakati pa mulingo wonse wamkati ndi mulingo wapamwamba wakunja.

"Kuchedwa kwa ndege zaukadaulo" kuli ndi zifukwa zina.

Chidziwitso cha maphunziro ndi chitukuko mumakampani opanga zomangira ku China.

Njira yoganizira za anthu, imodzi ndiyo gwero la maphunziro. Yachiwiri ndi luso la ntchito. Akatswiri ndi akatswiri aukadaulo omwe ali ndi zaka 60 mpaka 80, maphunziro ndi luso la ntchito kwenikweni ndi njira ya "kuyambitsa, kugaya chakudya, kuyamwa, ndi kukonza". N'zovuta kuyambitsa kuganiza koyambirira komanso kwatsopano. Anthu ambiri amachita zinthu potengera "zokumana nazo zogwira ntchito". Ndithudi, pazifukwa zina, zokumana nazo zambiri zogwira ntchito ndizolakwika kapena zilibe maziko a chiphunzitso. Izi zingakhale bwino.

Mu ma workshop ojambula a makampani omangira zingwe m'nyumba, pankhani ya "njira yofananira ndi nkhungu" ya makina omangira zingwe, palibe amene akudziwa momwe angachitire, koma ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri. Atadabwa, adapeza kuti njira zambiri zomangira zingwe za "njira yofananira ndi nkhungu" za makina omangira aku China (kutengera zomwe zachitika kale) ndizomveka "zosokoneza kwambiri komanso zopanda nzeru", ndipo zina sizigwirizana ndi chiphunzitso cha kusintha kwa zinthu zachitsulo konse. , zotsatira zake ndi "zosatheka kwenikweni koma kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu kapena khalidwe loipa la zinthu", chomwe ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zida zakunja sizili bwino m'manja mwa ogwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba.

Palibe "kusiyana kwaukadaulo".

Akatswiri a zomangira zapakhomo nthawi zambiri savomereza kuti ukadaulo wawo sunapite patsogolo mokwanira. Makamaka makampani akuluakulu omangira, omwe akhala akugwira ntchito imeneyi kwa zaka zoposa 30, akhala chopinga chovomereza malingaliro atsopano, ndipo sadzadzikana okha mosavuta, nthawi zambiri chifukwa zinthu ndi zida zawo sizikupita patsogolo mokwanira. Ndipotu, kupita patsogolo kulikonse kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo ndi njira yochotsera kukhalapo komwe kulipo mobwerezabwereza, ndipo kukana kapena kufunsa mafunso ndiye maziko a zatsopano.

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngati akatswiri aukadaulo a masiku ano aloledwa "kuyenda" ku China m'zaka 20 zikubwerazi, kodi adzakhalabe akatswiri amakampani "m'nthawi imeneyo"? Yankho ndi manambala. Izi zikutsimikizira kukhalapo kwa zomwe timatcha "jetlag yaukadaulo".

Momwe mungafulumizitsire "kuchedwa kwa nthawi yaukadaulo".

Choyamba, tiyenera kuvomereza kuti pali "kuchedwa kwa jet technical" komanso momwe tingafulumizitsire ndikufupikitsa "kuchedwa kwa jet technical". Anthu ena amati ndikofunikira kudikira kuti zaka za m'ma 90 kapena 2000 zikhale maziko a nthawiyo, ndikukulitsa kuganiza kwatsopano m'maphunziro awo kuyambira ali ana. Dikirani kamphindi? Dikirani kamphindi.

Kawirikawiri, "ukadaulo wapamwamba wakunja" womwe timaudziwa umatanthauza "zipangizo zapamwamba". Ngakhale akatswiri ambiri am'nyumba ali ndi zaka zambiri zogwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zida zakunja, izi sizikutanthauza kuti amamvetsetsa mfundo za kapangidwe ka zidazo. Sizingakopedwe kapena kulowetsedwa bwino ndikukonzedwa. Pakugwiritsa ntchito zida, ogwira ntchito omwe nthawi zambiri amalumikizana ndi makampani akunja kwenikweni ndi "ntchito yogulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa" osati opanga ukadaulo, motero amaphunzira ukadaulo wofunikira.

Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo ndi zida sizingasiyanitsidwe. Zipangizo zapamwamba zimangoyimira gawo la "zapamwamba". Pano, kumvetsetsa kwathu ukadaulo kuyenera kukhala mbali zonse za njira zopangira zinthu. Kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zida, mikhalidwe, kukonza zinthu zisanakonzedwe, dongosolo lokonzekera, kasamalidwe ka kukonza tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ukadaulo wina wonse, m'malo mongoyang'ana ntchito ya "njira zaukadaulo" mkati mwa bizinesi.

Zipangizo zamagetsi zomwe zimayimira ukadaulo wapamwamba zitha kugulidwa, koma "njira" yomwe imayimira mapulogalamu ndi yovuta kugula. Mutha kungophunzira ndikufulumizitsa kuphunzira.

"Kuchedwa kwa ndege yaukadaulo" sikukwanira kuti tikwaniritse zomwe tikuyembekezera.

"Kuchedwa kwaukadaulo" kulipo mwachilungamo. Choyamba, tiyenera kuchotsa malingaliro athu enieni, kutanthauza "mfundo yopanda chikho", makamaka kuti tizindikire kusiyana kwathu. Pangani mwayi wophunzira. Mwamwayi, Industry 4.0 ndi "2025" zamasiku ano zopangidwa ku China zimagwirizana. Akatswiri ambiri akunja amaimirira pa "kusiyana kwa nthawi kumapeto", ndipo ali mu nthawi yomweyo ndi ife popanda kudutsamo. Nthawi ya magawo anayi (nthawi) Ikhoza kukhala ya magawo atatu. Ngati tingathe kupanga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi, kuphunzira tsatanetsatane wa ukadaulo, kufika pachimake pake, kudziwa chomwe chili, ndi chifukwa chake, sizingatheke kufulumizitsa ndikufupikitsa "kusiyana kwa nthawi yaukadaulo" kuyambira pano. Pangani zomangira zochulukirapo zotsika.