Zomangira Zitsulo Zosapanga dzimbiri

Zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi lingaliro lachidziwitso la akatswiri lomwe limaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri. Zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangiriza zida zamakina okwera mtengo kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, kulimba, komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri.

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Zomangira zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mitundu 12 yazigawo izi:
1. Boti: Mtundu wa chomangira chomwe chimakhala ndi mutu ndi zomangira (silinda yokhala ndi ulusi wakunja). Iyenera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi nati ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza magawo awiri ndi mabowo. Kulumikizana kwamtunduwu kumatchedwa kulumikizana kwa bawuti. Ngati natiyo ili yosasunthika kuchokera ku bawuti, magawo awiriwa amatha kupatukana, kotero kulumikizana kwa bawuti ndikolumikizana kosokoneza.

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2. Maphunziro:Mtundu wa zomangira zomwe zilibe mutu ndipo zimangokhala ndi ulusi wakunja mbali zonse ziwiri. Mukalumikiza, mbali imodzi yake iyenera kukulungidwa mu gawo ndi dzenje la ulusi wamkati, mbali inayo iyenera kudutsa gawolo ndi dzenje, ndiyeno mtedzawo umagwedezeka, ngakhale mbali ziwirizo zikugwirizana kwambiri ngati chonse.

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3. Zomangira: Amakhalanso mtundu wa zomangira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi magawo awiri: mutu ndi screw. Atha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu malinga ndi momwe amagwiritsira ntchito: zomangira zamakina, zomangira zomangira ndi zomangira zacholinga chapadera. Zomangira zamakina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazigawo zokhala ndi dzenje lolimba. Kulumikizana kokhazikika ndi gawo lokhala ndi dzenje sikufuna mgwirizano wa nati (njira iyi yolumikizira imatchedwa screw Connection komanso ndi cholumikizira chotsekeka; itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi Nut fit, yogwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana pakati pa magawo awiri ndi kudzera. mabowo.) Ikani zomangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kukonza malo achibale pakati pa magawo awiri. Zomangira zacholinga chapadera monga zomangira zamaso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukweza mbali.

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4. Mtedza wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri: yokhala ndi mabowo amkati, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati silinda yathyathyathya hexagonal, kapena silinda yathyathyathya kapena silinda yathyathyathya, yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mabawuti, zomangira kapena zomangira zamakina kumangiriza magawo awiri. Pangani chidutswa chonse.

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5. Zomangira zokha: Zofanana ndi zomangira zamakina, koma ulusi womwe uli pa screw ndi ulusi wapadera wa zomangira zokha. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza ndi kulumikiza zigawo ziwiri zachitsulo zopyapyala kuti zikhale gawo limodzi. Mabowo ang'onoang'ono amayenera kupangidwa pasadakhale pamapangidwewo. Popeza mtundu uwu wa wononga uli ndi kuuma kwakukulu, ukhoza kulowetsedwa mwachindunji mu dzenje la chigawocho kuti chigawocho chikhale pakati. Amapanga ulusi wamkati womvera. Mtundu uwu wa kugwirizana ulinso kugwirizana detachable.

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6. Zomangira zamatabwa: Amafanananso ndi zomangira zamakina, koma ulusi wa zomangirawo ndi ulusi wapadera wa zomangira zamatabwa. Zitha kuponyedwa muzitsulo zamatabwa (kapena zigawo) ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwirizanitsa zitsulo (kapena zopanda zitsulo) ndi dzenje. Zigawozo zimamangirizidwa pamodzi ndi chigawo chamatabwa. Kulumikizana uku ndikonso kulumikizidwa komwe kumatha.
7. Wochapa: Mtundu wa chomangira chomwe chimakhala ngati mphete ya oblate. Kuyikidwa pakati pa malo othandizira a ma bolts, zomangira kapena mtedza ndi pamwamba pazigawo zogwirizanitsa, zimagwira ntchito yowonjezera malo okhudzana ndi magawo ogwirizana, kuchepetsa kupanikizika pa gawo la unit ndikuteteza pamwamba pa zigawo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa. zowonongeka; mtundu wina wa wochapira zotanuka, Ikhozanso kuteteza nati kumasuka.

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8. Chosunga mphete:Imayikidwa mumtsinje wa shaft kapena pobowo wamakina ndi zida, ndipo imagwira ntchito yoletsa magawo omwe ali patsinde kapena dzenje kuti asasunthike kumanzere ndi kumanja.

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9. Zikhomo: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyika magawo, ndipo ena amagwiritsidwanso ntchito polumikiza magawo, kukonza magawo, kutumizira mphamvu kapena kutseka zomangira zina.

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10. Rivet:Mtundu wa chomangira chomwe chimakhala ndi mutu ndi shank ya msomali, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangirira ndi kulumikiza magawo awiri (kapena zigawo) ndi mabowo kuti apange zonse. Njira yolumikizira iyi imatchedwa kulumikiza kwa rivet, kapena riveting mwachidule. Ndi ya kulumikizana kosatha. Chifukwa kuti alekanitse magawo awiri olumikizana pamodzi, nthiti zapazigawozo ziyenera kusweka.

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11. Misonkhano ndi awiriawiri olumikizana: Assemblies amatanthawuza mtundu wa zomangira zomwe zimaperekedwa mophatikizana, monga kuphatikizika kwa screw screw ya makina (kapena bawuti, zomangira zodzipangira zokha) ndi wochapira wathyathyathya (kapena wochapira masika, makina otsekera): kulumikizana Zomangira zimatanthauza mtundu wa zomangira zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi kuphatikiza kwapadera ma bolts, mtedza ndi ma washers, monga zida zamphamvu zazitali zazikulu zokhala ndi hexagonal zopangira zitsulo.

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12. Kuwotcherera misomali: Chifukwa cha zomangira zosawerengeka zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mphamvu zowunikira ndi mitu ya misomali (kapena palibe mitu ya misomali), zimakhazikika ndikulumikizidwa ndi gawo (kapena gawo) ndi njira yowotcherera kuti athe kulumikizidwa ndi magawo ena osapanga dzimbiri. .

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Zakuthupi
Zigawo zazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zili ndi zofunikira zawo pakupanga zida zopangira. Zida zambiri zosapanga dzimbiri zimatha kupangidwa kukhala mawaya achitsulo kapena ndodo zopangira zomangira, kuphatikiza chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ferritic, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha martensitic, ndi mvula yowumitsa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Ndiye mfundo zake ndi ziti posankha zinthu?

Kusankhidwa kwa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri makamaka kumaganizira zinthu izi:
1. Zofunikira pazida zomangirira potengera mawonekedwe amakina, makamaka mphamvu;
2. Zofunikira pakukana kwa dzimbiri pansi pamikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito
3. Zofunikira za kutentha kwa ntchito pa kukana kutentha kwa zinthu (kutentha kwakukulu, kukana kwa okosijeni ndi zina):
Zofunikira pakupangira zinthu pakukonza zinthu
5. Zina, monga kulemera, mtengo, kugula ndi zina ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Pambuyo poganizira mozama komanso mozama pazigawo zisanuzi, zida zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomaliza zimasankhidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za dziko. Zigawo zokhazikika ndi zomangira zomwe zimapangidwa ziyeneranso kukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo: mabawuti, zomangira ndi zomata (3098.3-2000), mtedza (3098.15-200) ndi zomangira (3098.16-2000).


Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-24-2024