Zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi lingaliro la akatswiri lomwe limaphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangirira zida zamakina zodula chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, kulimba kwawo, komanso kukana dzimbiri.

 
Zomangira zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mitundu 12 ya zigawo izi:
1. Bolt: Mtundu wa chomangira chokhala ndi mutu ndi screw (silinda yokhala ndi ulusi wakunja). Chimafunika kufananizidwa ndi nati ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangirira magawo awiri ndi mabowo odutsa. Mtundu uwu wa chomangira umatchedwa chomangira cha bolt. Ngati natiyo yachotsedwa pa bolt, magawo awiriwa akhoza kulekanitsidwa, kotero chomangira cha bolt ndi chomangira chotha kuchotsedwa.

2. Katswiri:Mtundu wa chomangira chomwe chilibe mutu ndipo chili ndi ulusi wakunja kokha kumapeto onse awiri. Polumikiza, mbali imodzi yake iyenera kukulungidwa mu gawolo ndi dzenje la ulusi wamkati, mbali inayo iyenera kudutsa mu gawolo ndi dzenje lodutsa, kenako natiyo imakulungidwa, ngakhale magawo awiriwa atalumikizidwa bwino lonse.

3. Zomangira: Ndi mtundu wa zomangira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi magawo awiri: mutu ndi screw. Zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu malinga ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito: zomangira za makina, zomangira zokhazikika ndi zomangira zapadera. Zomangira za makina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazigawo zomwe zili ndi dzenje lolimba. Kulumikizana komangirira ndi gawo lomwe lili ndi dzenje lodutsa sikufuna mgwirizano wa nati (njira iyi yolumikizira imatchedwa screw connection ndipo ndi kulumikizana kosinthika; ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ndi Nut fit, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza zomangira pakati pa zigawo ziwiri ndi mabowo odutsa.) Zomangira zokhazikika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kukonza malo pakati pa zigawo ziwiri. Zomangira zapadera monga zomangira maso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula ziwalo.

4. Mtedza wosapanga dzimbiri: yokhala ndi mabowo amkati okhala ndi ulusi, nthawi zambiri okhala ngati silinda yathyathyathya yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri, kapena silinda yathyathyathya kapena silinda yathyathyathya, yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maboluti, ma stud kapena zomangira zamakina kuti zigwirizane mbali ziwiri. Pangani kukhala chidutswa chonse.

5. Zomangira zodzigwira zokha: Mofanana ndi zomangira za makina, koma ulusi womwe uli pa screw ndi ulusi wapadera wa zomangira zodzigwira zokha. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangirira ndi kulumikiza zigawo ziwiri zoonda zachitsulo kuti zikhale chidutswa chimodzi. Mabowo ang'onoang'ono amafunika kupangidwa pasadakhale pa kapangidwe kake. Popeza mtundu uwu wa screw uli ndi kuuma kwakukulu, ukhoza kulowetsedwa mwachindunji mu dzenje la chigawo kuti upange chigawocho pakati. Umapanga ulusi wamkati woyankha. Mtundu uwu wa kulumikizana ndi kulumikizana komwe kungachotsedwe.

6. Zomangira zamatabwa: Amafanananso ndi zomangira za makina, koma ulusi womwe uli pa zomangirazo ndi ulusi wapadera wa zomangira zamatabwa. Zitha kukulungidwa mwachindunji ku zigawo zamatabwa (kapena zigawo) ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza chitsulo (kapena chosakhala chitsulo) ndi dzenje lodutsa. Zigawozo zimamangiriridwa pamodzi ndi gawo lamatabwa. Kulumikizana kumeneku ndi kulumikizana komwe kungachotsedwe.
7. Chotsukira: Mtundu wa chomangira chomwe chimaoneka ngati mphete yozungulira. Chimayikidwa pakati pa malo othandizira a mabolts, zomangira kapena mtedza ndi pamwamba pa zigawo zolumikizidwa, chimagwira ntchito yowonjezera malo olumikizirana a zigawo zolumikizidwa, kuchepetsa kupanikizika pa gawo lililonse ndikuteteza pamwamba pa zigawo zolumikizidwa kuti zisawonongeke; mtundu wina wa chotsukira chotanuka, Chingathenso kuletsa nati kuti isamasuke.

8. Mphete yosungira:Imayikidwa mu shaft groove kapena hole groove ya makina ndi zida, ndipo imagwira ntchito yoletsa ziwalo zomwe zili pa shaft kapena hole kuti zisasunthike kumanzere ndi kumanja.

9. Mapini: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poika ziwalo pamalo, ndipo ena amagwiritsidwanso ntchito polumikiza ziwalo, kukonza ziwalo, kutumiza mphamvu kapena kutseka zomangira zina.

10. Mphepete:Mtundu wa chomangira chokhala ndi mutu ndi shank ya msomali, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangirira ndi kulumikiza magawo awiri (kapena zigawo) ndi mabowo odutsa kuti apange zonse. Mtundu uwu wa kulumikizana umatchedwa kulumikizana kwa rivet, kapena riveting mwachidule. Ndi wa kulumikizana kosatha. Chifukwa kuti magawo awiri omwe alumikizidwa pamodzi alekanitsidwe, ma rivets omwe ali pazigawozo ayenera kusweka.

11. Misonkhano ndi maulumikizidwe awiriawiri: Misonkhano imatanthauza mtundu wa zomangira zomwe zimaperekedwa pamodzi, monga kuphatikiza kwa screw yamakina enaake (kapena bolt, screw yodzipatsa yokha) ndi chotsukira chathyathyathya (kapena chotsukira cha spring, chotseka chotsukira): kulumikizana Zomangira ziwiri zimatanthauza mtundu wa zomangira zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa mabolt apadera, mtedza ndi zotsukira, monga mabolt awiri amphamvu kwambiri amutu wa hexagonal azinthu zachitsulo.

12. Kulukira misomaliChifukwa cha zomangira zosiyanasiyana zopangidwa ndi mphamvu yowala ndi mitu ya misomali (kapena yopanda mitu ya misomali), zimakhazikika ndikulumikizidwa ku gawo (kapena gawo) pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowotcherera kuti zilumikizidwe ndi zigawo zina zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri.

Zinthu Zofunika
Zigawo zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri zili ndi zofunikira zawo popanga zinthu zopangira. Zipangizo zambiri zosapanga dzimbiri zimatha kupangidwa kukhala mawaya achitsulo kapena ndodo zopangira zomangira, kuphatikizapo chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ferritic, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha martensitic, ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cholimba. Ndiye mfundo ziti posankha zipangizo?

Kusankha zipangizo zosapanga dzimbiri kumaganizira kwambiri zinthu zotsatirazi:
1. Zofunikira pa zipangizo zomangira malinga ndi makhalidwe a makina, makamaka mphamvu;
2. Zofunikira pa kukana dzimbiri kwa zinthu zomwe zikugwira ntchito
3. Zofunikira pa kutentha kogwira ntchito pa kukana kutentha kwa zinthuzo (mphamvu yotentha kwambiri, kukana mpweya ndi zina):
Zofunikira pakupanga zinthu kuti zigwire bwino ntchito
5. Zinthu zina monga kulemera, mtengo, kugula ndi zina ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Pambuyo poganizira bwino mbali zisanu izi, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimasankhidwa motsatira miyezo yoyenera ya dzikolo. Zigawo ndi zomangira zomwe zimapangidwa ziyeneranso kukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo: mabolts, screws ndi stud (3098.3-2000), mtedza (3098.15-200) ndi screws zokhazikika (3098.16-2000).