Kukula kwa makampani opanga zida zomangira ku China Ngakhale kuti kupanga zida zomangira ku China kuli kwakukulu, zida zomangira zinayamba mochedwa poyerekeza ndi mayiko akunja. Pakadali pano, msika wa zida zomangira ku China wakula kwambiri. Ubwino wa zinthu zomwe zachitika pafupipafupi komanso kuipitsa chilengedwe kwabweretsa mavuto ndi mwayi waukulu pakukula kwa zida zomangira m'nyumba. Ngakhale kuti pali zida zochepa zomwe zikufunika kutumizidwa kunja, malinga ndi momwe zinthu zikuyendera pakukula, zida zomangira zomwe zasankhidwa ndi makampani opanga zida zoyambira zakhutitsidwa kwambiri ku China.

Kusanthula kwapamwamba ndi pansi pa makampani opangira zomangira

Makampani opanga zinthu zopangira zinthu monga chitsulo, mkuwa, ndi aluminiyamu ndi omwe amapanga zinthu zopangira zinthu monga chitsulo, mkuwa, ndi aluminiyamu. Kuyambira mu 2016, chifukwa cha zinthu zachuma komanso kusintha kwa zinthu zopangira zinthu, mitengo ya zinthu zopangira zinthu zopangira zinthu zomwe zili pamwamba pa makampaniwa ikukwera, koma kwenikweni ndi yomwe ili pamwamba pa mtengo ndipo siili ndi chifukwa chowonjezera kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti kusintha kwa zinthu zopangira zinthu kumakhudza kwambiri kutulutsa zinthu zopangira zinthu, malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili panopa, makampaniwa akufunikabe zinthu zopangira zinthu zambiri kuposa zomwe akufuna, ndipo zinthu zotsalazo zikugulitsidwabe kunja, ndipo pali opanga zinthu zopangira zinthu zambiri komanso zofala kwambiri. Kupereka zinthu zokwanira, kungakhale kotsimikizika, ndipo sikukhudza kugula kwa makampani opanga zinthu zopangira zinthu.

Pakupanga zomangira, ogulitsa zida amapereka zida zogwirira ntchito monga makina ojambula mawaya, makina ozizira ophimba zitseko, ndi makina ozungulira mawaya. Mafakitale opanga nkhungu amapanga ndikupanga nkhungu malinga ndi zosowa za kampani. Malo osinthira zinthu amapereka ntchito zomangira zitsulo, zojambula mawaya ndi ntchito zina zosinthira zinthu. Amapereka ntchito zochizira kutentha kwa zinthu, malo ochizira pamwamba amapereka ntchito zochizira pamwamba monga galvanization.

Kumapeto kwa makampani, zinthu zomangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana amakampani, kuphatikizapo magalimoto, njanji, makina, zamagetsi ndi zida zamagetsi. Monga gawo lalikulu logwiritsira ntchito zomangira, makampani opanga magalimoto adzakhala othandizira kwambiri pakukula kwa zomangira. Pali mitundu yambiri ya zomangira zamagalimoto, makamaka kuphatikiza zomangira zokhazikika, zomangira zosakhazikika, zida zina zamakanika ndi zida zina zosakhazikika zamakanika, ndi zina zotero. Zomangira zamagalimoto zimakhala pamalo oyamba mumakampani onse omangira. Munthu m'modzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kufunikira kwa zomangira mumayendedwe a sitima, zamagetsi ndi zina ndikokulirapo kwambiri, ndipo kukukwera kwambiri.

Kusanthula kwa kufunikira kwa makampani osungira zinthu

Popeza makampani opanga makina ndiye njira yayikulu yopezera zomangira, kukwera ndi kuchepa kwa makampani opanga makina kukugwirizana kwambiri ndi chitukuko cha makampani opanga makina. M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga makina awonetsa kukwera, motero akulimbikitsa chitukuko cha makampani opanga makina. Kuchokera ku mafakitale ogawanika, makampani opanga magalimoto, makampani okonza zinthu, makampani omanga, ndi makampani amagetsi ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zomangira. Monga gawo lalikulu logwiritsira ntchito pansi papaZomangira, makampani opanga magalimoto apereka chithandizo chofunikira pakukula kwa zomangira.

Makampani opanga magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi adachita bwino kwambiri mu 2017, akupitiliza kukula bwino kwa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi motsatizana, ndi kuchuluka kwa zokolola ndi malonda ophatikizana kwa 4.2% ndi 4.16%, motsatana. Mkhalidwe wopanga ndi kugulitsa pamsika wamagalimoto am'nyumba ndi wolimba kwambiri, ndi kuchuluka kwa kukula kwa 8.69% ndi 8.53% kuyambira 2013 mpaka 2017, motsatana. Kukula kwa makampaniwa kudzapitirira m'zaka 10 zikubwerazi. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku China Automotive Technology and Research Center, mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wa malonda a magalimoto aku China ukuyembekezeka kukhala pafupifupi 42 miliyoni, ndipo malonda a magalimoto amakono ndi 28.889 miliyoni. Kugulitsa magalimoto 14 miliyoni m'makampaniwa kukuwonetsa kuti makampani opanga magalimoto aku China akadali ndi mphamvu pamsika wapakati komanso wautali, zomwe zingabweretse mwayi wabwino pakukula kwa makampani opangira zomangira.

Makampani opanga 3C akuphatikizapo makompyuta, mauthenga, ndi zamagetsi. Ndi amodzi mwa mafakitale omwe akukula mofulumira kwambiri ku China komanso padziko lonse lapansi masiku ano, ndipo ndi makampani omwe ali ndi zomangira zambiri. Ngakhale kuti kukula kwa makampani achikhalidwe a 3C kwachepa, msika wogulitsa masheya ukadali waukulu kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ma PC, mapiritsi, ndi mafoni anzeru ayamba kulowa m'malo ampikisano a Nyanja Yofiira, ndipo pamodzi nawo padzakhala kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wazinthu zawo, zomwe zibweretsa mapulogalamu atsopano aukadaulo ndi kusintha kwa njira. Kukula kwamphamvu kwa makampani opanga 3C kudzawonjezera kufunikira kwa zomangira.

Mkhalidwe wa makampani omangira zitsulo ku China

Chifukwa cha kusintha ndi kutseguka kwa China komanso chitukuko champhamvu cha chuma cha dziko, makampani omangira zitsulo ku China akhala akukula bwino kwa zaka zambiri. Kuyambira 2012 mpaka 2016, ndalama zomwe makampani omangira zitsulo ku China adayika mu chuma chawo zinawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 25 biliyoni yuan mu 2016. Kuposa 40 biliyoni yuan, kukula kwa makampaniwa kukupitirira kukula.

Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zomwe makampani akugwiritsa ntchito komanso kukula kwachangu kwa mabizinesi, mphamvu zopangira ndi kutulutsa zinthu zomangira zawonjezeka kwambiri. China yakhala dziko lalikulu pakupanga zinthu zomangira. Kutulutsa zinthu zomangira kwakhala pamalo oyamba padziko lonse lapansi kwa zaka zambiri. Ma yuan opitilira 70 biliyoni.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero za bungwe la China's Fastener Industry Association, pakadali pano pali makampani opanga zomangira zomangira opitilira 7,000 ku China, ndi makampani opitilira 2,000 apamwamba kuposa muyeso mumakampani awa, koma palibe makampani ambiri akuluakulu omwe ali ndi phindu lonse la mafakitale loposa 500 miliyoni yuan. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa makampani omangira zo ... Zomangira zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja zinali matani 322,000, ndipo mtengo wake unali US $ 3.121 biliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 6.25% pachaka. Zambiri mwa zinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zili ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba.

Ngakhale makampani opanga zomangira ku China amapanga zinthu zochepa, makampani opanga zomangira m'nyumba akupitilizabe kusintha kukhala makampani opanga zinthu zatsopano, kuphunzira kuchokera ku luso lapadziko lonse lapansi, ndikupitilizabe kukonza kafukufuku wodziyimira pawokha komanso chitukuko cha makampani opanga zomangira kwa zaka khumi. Poganizira kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa patent wokhudzana ndi zomangira ku China, chiwerengero cha ntchito mu 2017 chinali choposa 13,000, chomwe ndi pafupifupi nthawi 6.5 kuposa chaka cha 2008. Zitha kuwoneka kuti mphamvu zatsopano zamakampani opanga zomangira ku China zakula kwambiri m'zaka khumi zapitazi, zomwe zapangitsa kuti chomangira chathu chikhale malo pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.

Zomangira, monga zigawo zoyambira zamafakitale, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ambiri, ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri pakusintha ndi kukweza mafakitale otsika. Lingaliro la "Made in China 2025" linatsegula chiyambi cha kusintha kwa China kuchoka pa mphamvu yopanga kupita ku mphamvu yopanga. Kupanga zinthu zatsopano, kusintha kapangidwe kake, ndi kusintha ndi kukweza mafakitale osiyanasiyana sizingasiyanitsidwe ndi kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi mtundu wa zigawo zoyambira, ndipo zimasonyezanso kuti malo omwe angakhalepo pamsika wa zigawo zapamwamba adzakulitsidwa kwambiri. Kuchokera pamlingo wazinthu, mphamvu yayikulu, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, kulondola kwambiri, mtengo wowonjezera, ndi zigawo zosafanana ndi zomwe zimapangidwira zomangira zamtsogolo.